Results (
English) 1:
[Copy]Copied!
F. Encouragement from Hull reduction Theory1. Uraian TheoryThis theory includes a batch of S-R theory, introduced by Clark Hull (1952), which was formed based on the theory of Pavlov. This theory has four levels of learning:a. the first stage in the form of independent variables can be standaloneb. second and third in the Peringkkat variable of the medianc. the Fourth Level in the form of variables is not free (not stand stand alone)This theory has the main purpose to predict behavior and the behavior mendeskripsikan. According to Hull the learning depends on strengthening and consolidation of the second second; Although the strength of a response at a certain level of motivation at the moment. The important thing about this is its theoretical Hull a little towards the acceptance of which the existence of something that menengahi between stimulation (stimulus) and impulse (response), yaitu inducement or tensions arising because achieving a particular purpose.2. Relevance of the theory educationThis reduction of the inducement theory related to learning is that if a teacher saw such an appalling point at students then do not too pressed. Kurangilah pressure on learning because students can turn off character. If students suffer tension when learned teachers could then contribute ideas. This is so that the fishing back to students.G. Mediasi Theory from Osgood1. Theoretical UrianThe theory of secondary that includes mediasi or cluster theory S – R, introduced by Osgood (1953, 1962). This theory has been meritis rebirth of cognitive theories, because since acknowledge jitters mediasi or median between stimulation (stimulus) and impulse (a response). Osgood also had procurement process is semantic (meaning) based on this theory or median mediasi.Osgood (1953) has also introduced sign (sign or signal) in conjunction with this meaning. Osgood (1976) acknowledges that teorinya about the conduct of meaning based on the learning theory of Hull. According to this theory, all behavior Osgood sign good lingistik or not, depending on the processes of the median pelambang mediasi pelambang or.2. Relevance of the theory educationThis connection with theory mediasi learning is when the teacher taught the meaning or term in students, teachers can provide keyword or penegnah. Meaning or which you or the mold so that the students responding in good by giving instructions. Students can easily find the meaning of a Word.H. theory of two factors from Mouwer1. Uraian TheoryThis fully named tori two factor theory completed (revised two factor theory). This theory, including the theory that still S – R was introduced by d. Hobart Mouwer (1960). This second type of reinforcement are: according to Mouwera. Strengthening increased (incremental reinforcement)b. Pengukuhan berkurang (decremental reinforcement)Menurut teori Mouwer ini, perasaan takut dan perasaan mengharapkan sesuatu, begitu juga dengan perasaan lega dan kecewa, merupakan reaksi-reaksi penengah atau mediasi yang telah dilazimkan terhadaprangsangan yang berhubungan dengan suatu gerak balas (respons) yang membangkitkan ganjaran atau hukuman. Mouwer yakin betul bahwa pembiasaan emosi pengharapan dan emosi ketakutan merupakan kunci proses pembelajaran.Teori Mouwer ini sebenarnya masih lebih cendrung kepada behaviorisme karena emosi-emosi itu harus terlebih dahulu dibiasakan terhadap rangsangan lingkungan sebelum mendapat kekuatan sendiri untuk membangkitkan reaksi. Teori Mouwer ini telah lebih maju sedikit daripada behaviorisme Watsory karena mengakui adanya proses mediasi atau penengah. Oleh karena itu, teori ini termasuk dalam neobehaviorisme bersama Osgood.2. Kaitan Teori dengan PembelajaranTeori dua factor ini kaitannya dengan pembelajaran adalah dengan cara guru dituntut memberikan hukuman/ganjaran sesuai dengan kesalahan yang diperbuat siswa. Hukuman tersebut bertujuan untuk menambah respons terhadap belajar siswa. Perubahan perilaku tersebut seperti dari yang tidak bergerak menjadi bergerak. Jika siswa telah berubah maka kurangi hukumannya.
Being translated, please wait..
